In weighted sampling as a generalization of random sampling, every observation, y, is recorded with probably proportional to a non-negative function of y. In this paper, the normal regression model is investigated under the weighted sampling for a common weight function. Parameters of the model are estimated for known and unknown weight parameters. Using simulation, efficiency of estimators is studied when they have not closed forms. As an application, the data of number of visited  patients by specialist doctors in Social Security Organization of Ahvaz in Iran (SSOAI) are analyzed.

The panel data model is used in many areas, such as economics, social sciences, medicine, and epidemiology. In recent decades, inference on regression coefficients has been developed in panel data models. In this paper, methods are introduced to test the equality models of the panel model among the groups in the data set. First, we present a random quantity that we estimate its distribution by two methods of approximation and parametric bootstrap. We also introduce a pivotal quantity for performing this hypothesis test. In a simulation study, we compare our proposed approaches with an available method based on the type I error and test power. We also apply our method to gasoline panel data as a real data set.