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In this paper a method has been given to detect the shocks in structural time series using Kalman filter algorithm. As the Kalman filter algorithm is used for state space forms which include ARMA models as an especial case, the suggested method can be used for more general time series than linear models. Five shocks; additive outlier, level change, seasonal change, periodic change and slope change have been reviewed with this method. The performance of suggested method has been shown via a simulation study. The marriage data set from England has been considered as a real data set to study.

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‎This paper is investigating the mixture autoregressive model with constant mixing weights in state space form and generalization to ARMA mixture model‎. ‎Using a sequential Monte Carlo method‎, ‎the forecasting‎, ‎filtering and smoothing distributions are approximated and parameters f the model is estimated via the EM algorithm‎. ‎The results show the dimension of parameter vector in state space representation reduces‎. ‎The results of the simulation study show that the proposed filtering algorithm has a steady state close to the real values of the state vector‎. ‎Moreover‎, ‎according to simulation results‎, ‎the mean vectors of filtering and smoothing distribution converges to state vector quickly‎.

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The Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) method is a powerful non-parametric method in the field of time series analysis and has been considered due to its features such as no need to stationarity assumptions or a limit on the number of collected observations. The main purpose of the SSA method is to decompose time series into interpretable components such as trend, oscillating component, and unstructured noise. In recent years, continuous efforts have been made by researchers in various fields of research to improve this method, especially in the field of time series prediction. In this paper, a new method for improving the prediction of singular spectrum analysis using Kalman filter algorithm in structural models is introduced. Then, the performance of this method and some generalized methods of SSA are compared with the basic SSA   using the root mean square error criterion. For this comparison, simulated data from structural models and real data of gas consumption in the UK have been used. The results of this study show that the newly introduced method is more accurate than other methods.